Car and all types of vehicle problem solving in bd: Car and all types of vehicle trouble finding within 30 minute.

CAR DOCTOR

Knowledge share by

Mashiur Rahman with Modern Vehicle.

ECCS OUTLINE

1) What’s ECCS?

2) Purpose of ECCS Development

3) ECCS Flow System

ECCS SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

1) Fuel Injection Control

2) Ignition Timing Control

3) Fuel Pump Control

4) Idle Speed Control

5) Pressure Regulator Control

6) Fail-Safe System

7) On Board Diagnosis System

THREE MAJOR FLOW SYSTEMS

1. Fuel Flow System

2. Air Flow System

3. Electrical Flow System

FUNCTION OF COMPONENT PARTS

1. Component Parts Location

2. Sensors

3. Actuators

4. ECCS Control Module (ECM)

5. ENGINE SPEED CONTROL

1. At Cold Condition

2. Idling After Cold Start

3. Idling After Engine Warm-up

4. Control During Acceleration

5. Knocking Control

6. Control During Deceleration

ECCS OUTLINE

1) What’s ECCS?

ECCS is the original abbreviation for Electronic Concentrated Engine Control System and used to be the symbol of the improved system of the electronically controlled engine management system of its first-generation (EGI or EFI). ECCS accurately controls fuel injection quantity, idle engine speed, and ignition timing for every engine condition. To perform such accurate controls, ECCS requires various information to come from the sensors as input signals. Then the system determines the appropriate value among the programmed data and sends output signals to the respective actuators.

2) Purpose of ECCS Development

• Improve engine performance

• Improve fuel consumption

• Reduce air pollution

• Improve drivability

• Improve stability in cold condition

3) ECCS Flow System

Although particular components vary from model to model, basically, the ECCS monitors and controls these 3 primary systems to maintain the maximum engine performance.

• Fuel flow system

• Air flow system

• Electronic flow (ignition) system

Constant adjustments are made to maintain a specified relationship between these systems. Understanding this relationship will allow you to more easily break down the overall engine operations into smaller segments. In doing so, you can more systematically target and/or eliminate them as part of the cause of any malfunctions. Brief descriptions of each system are found on the following pages. To maintain the operational relationship described above, the ECCS uses three basic types of components such as sensors, controllers and actuators.

2. ECCS SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

ECCS is capable of controlling a number of functions. It is also capable of providing more delicate and more sophisticated control for the various engine operating conditions. The following functions are controlled by ECCS.

1) Fuel Injection Control

Based on the quantity of intake air (air mass), the fuel injection control system determines the fuel injection quantity corresponding to the engine conditions. For example, the optimum fuel injection quantity is determined by the coolant temperature at the time when the engine is operating. After idling, the air-fuel mixture ratio is properly controlled by a learning function.

2) Ignition Timing Control

Reads data from the program matrix stored in ECM and determines the optimum ignition timing based on the engine speed and the intake air quantity.

3) Fuel Pump Control

Controls the power supply to the fuel pump according to the engine conditions. It includes a system that controls the power supply voltage value in order to reduce the pump noise and the power consumption.

4) Idle Speed Control

Receives signals from various sensors and adjusts the engine to the optimum idle speed

5) Pressure Regulator Control

Increases the fuel pressure temporarily when starting an engine that has a high coolant temperature. The fuel pressure is normally controlled corresponding to the intake manifold vacuum pressure by means of the fuel pressure regulator.

6) Fail-Safe System

The ECM has a backup program for when a malfunction occurs in some important sensors and the ECM is able to control the engine in a limited manner so the vehicle may be driven.

7) On Board Diagnosis System

The ECM is able to monitor major sensors and some actuators for incorrect signals. If a malfunction occurs due to missing, open or short circuits, the ECM self-diagnosis system will record a code that can be retrieved by a service technician during diagnosis.

3. THREE MAJOR FLOW SYSTEMS

1) Fuel Flow System

All ECCS models have the same basic fuel flow system, as shown in the diagram below. A fuel pump pulls the fuel from the fuel tank, moves it through the fuel lines (including a fuel filter) and eventually supplies it to the engine through the fuel injectors. The pressure control device maintains the specified fuel pressure throughout the system.

2) Air Flow System

As with the fuel flow system, ECCS air flow systems are basically the same from model to model. Since the quantity of air mixed with fuel (mixture ratio) is the key to engine performance, the control of intake air is extremely important.

Sensors Location

Sensors Name

What is the ECU in a car?.

An engine control unit (ECU) is a type of electronic control unit that controls a series of actuators on an internal combustion engine to ensure optimal engine performance.

Mashiur: ECU is an electronic device, which is received a signal from various types of sensors. After received that signal, calculated the data to drive actuators.

what is sensor ?.

A sensor is a device that detects and responds to some type of input from the physical environment. The specific input could be light, heat, motion, moisture, pressure, or anyone of a great number of other environmental phenomena.

Actuator

An actuator is a component of a machine that is responsible for moving or controlling a mechanism or system. An actuator requires a control signal and a source of energy. The control signal is relatively low energy and maybe electric voltage or current, pneumatic or hydraulic pressure, or even human power.

3. THREE MAJOR FLOW SYSTEMS

1) Fuel Flow System

All ECCS models have the same basic fuel flow system, as shown in the diagram below. A fuel pump pulls the fuel from the fuel tank, moves it through the fuel lines (including a fuel filter), and eventually supplies it to the engine through the fuel injectors. The pressure control device maintains the specified fuel pressure throughout the system

2) Air Flow System

3) Electrical Flow System

The ECM receives signals primarily from the camshaft position sensor (indicating engine speed and piston position) and the mass airflow sensor (indicating mass air intake). The ECM then processes these signals and sends the resulting signals to the injectors and power transistors to control engine operation.

SENSORS DESCRIPTION

CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR AND CAMSHAFT POSITION SENSOR:

There are currently two types used: an integrated into the distributor type and a separated type (CMP sensor and CKP sensor). These are the key components of ECCS. A pulse input signal is then sent to the ECM to control the following operations.
Fuel injection timing
Fuel cut control
Ignition timing
Basic fuel injection quantity
Various enrichment corrections

INTEGRATED TYPE (SENSORS ARE INTEGRATED IN THE DISTRIBUTOR) The CMP sensor monitors the engine speed and piston position. A set of 1-degree slits reads the engine speed, and a set of 120-degree (6 cylinders) or 180-degree (4 cylinders) signals reads the piston position.

SEPARATED TYPE: The separated type consists of two sensors. One is the CKP sensor (POS), and the other is the CMP sensor (PHASE). The CKP sensor is located near the flywheel, facing the gear teeth of the signal plate. It monitors the engine speed. The CMP sensor (PHASE) is located in the front end of the cylinder head, facing the camshaft. It detects the piston position.

MASS AIR FLOW (MAF) SENSOR: The mass airflow sensor is a key component for basic fuel injection control that measures the intake air flow rate and density, then it sends the signals to the ECM. These signals are changed based on the air passing through the passage.

MANIFOLD ABSOLUTE PRESSURE (MAP) SENSOR: On the K12 model, the MAP sensor has been adopted for measuring the intake air volume instead of the MAF sensor. The MAP sensor consists of an intake manifold pressure sensor and an intake air temperature sensor. For performing accurate engine control, the manifold pressure must be compensated with a condition such as atmospheric pressure that varies corresponding to the weather condition and altitude of the place where the vehicle is running.

THROTTLE SENSOR AND THROTTLE VALVE SWITCH: The throttle sensor monitors the throttle valve opening angle for ECM to detect the various vehicle driving conditions through the accelerator pedal. This signal valve can be interpreted as the driver’s will or habit. The throttle valve switch is used as a fail-safe device for the electronically controlled A/T by detecting idling and full-throttle signals. It is also used for idle judgment in the event of a malfunction of both the throttle sensor and the MAF sensor.

ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR (WATER TEMPERATURE SENSOR): This sensor detects the engine coolant temperature for ECM. The engine requires fine adjustment for injection volume, idling speed, ignition timing, and other controls, especially when the engine coolant temperature is extremely low or high.

HEATED OXYGEN (O2) SENSOR (EXHAUST GAS SENSOR): This sensor detects the oxygen density in the exhaust gas, and it is used for air-fuel mixture control by ECM.

KNOCK SENSOR: It detects engine knocking and the ECM controls to adjust ignition timing.

VEHICLE SPEED SENSOR (VSS) :

The vehicle speed sensor is made of a read switch type construction and is located in the speedometer. When the magnet rotates, the reed switch opens and closes in response to the changing magnetic field. This produces an ON-OFF pulse signal with respect to the vehicle speed, and it is sent to the ECM. A vehicle using an electronic speedometer has a VSS installed in the transaxle. This contains a pulse generator that provides a vehicle speed signal to the speedometer. A signal is then sent from the speedometer to the ECM.

In the recent types of ECCS systems, the vehicle speed signal is provided by the wheel sensor of the ABS.

OTHER SENSORS ECM receives the following signals as well for certain controls.

• Battery voltage

• Ignition switch position

• Air conditioner switch

• Park/Neutral position

1. Actuators
IACV-AAC VALVE (AAC VALVE) In relation to the actual engine idle speed and the programmed target value, the IACV-AAC valve receives a signal from the ECM to control the engine speed by adjusting the air quantity in the bypass gallery.